The Origin of the Three Pure Ones

“Sanqing” is an important concept in Taoism, referring to the ‘Three Pure Ones’ gods, namely ‘Taiqing’, ‘Shangqing’ and ‘Yuqing’. They represent the highest realm of Taoism and the three basic states of the universe.

Taiqing: Represents the origin of the universe and the highest moral realm, and is often associated with ‘Tao’.

Shangqing: Symbolizes purity and wisdom, and represents the ideal state pursued by Taoists.

Jade Qing: represents spirituality and purity, and is often associated with Taoist cultivation and the pursuit of immortality.

The origins of the Three Primes can be traced back to the early stages of Taoism's development, and were influenced by Taoist classics such as the Tao Te Ching and Zhuangzi. As Taoism evolved, the Three Primes gradually became a core element of Taoist beliefs and rituals, symbolising Taoism's view of the universe and its goals of cultivation.

The concept of the Three Primes is further elaborated in the Daoist classic “Taishang Laojun Shuo Changqingjing Jing” (The Taishang Laojun Sutra of Constant Purity and Tranquillity), which emphasizes the Daoist practice of purity and inaction. The Three Primes are also often regarded as the supreme deities of Daoism and are worshipped and sacrificed to by believers.